The GAFA faced with competition law and its limits
It was the European legislator, then the national one, who had to take up the pen to establish a right similar to copyright for the benefit of journalists whose articles are indexed by the search engine.
Then the judge also took up the subject in order to encourage Google to enter the game of negotiation. An agreement seems to have been concluded today (March 3, 2022): https://france.googleblog.com/2022/03/lalliance-de-la-presse-dinformation.html
Some milestone documents:
DIRECTIVE (EU) 2019/790 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL
from April 17, 2019
on copyright and related rights in the digital single market and amending the
directives 96/9/EC and 2001/29/EC
Ordinance No. 2021-580 of May 12, 2021 transposing 6 of Article 2 and Articles 17 to 23 of Directive 2019/790 of the European Parliament and of the Council of April 17, 2019 on copyright and rights neighbors in the digital single market and amending Directives 96/9/EC and 2001/29/EC
LAW No. 2019-775 of July 24, 2019 creating a related right for the benefit of press agencies and press publishers
Decree n° 2021-1666 of December 15, 2021 instituting support for the pluralism of online press services for political and general information
Rinformation report of June 24, 2020 submitted pursuant to article 145 of the rules, by the Economic Affairs Committee, at the conclusion of the work of a fact-finding mission on digital platforms (Ms Valéria Faure-Muntian and Mr. Daniel Fasquelle)
Registered at the Presidency of the National Assembly on January 12, 2022 – INFORMATION REPORT SUBMITTED pursuant to Article 145 of the Rules BY THE INFORMATION MISSION on the application of neighboring rights for the benefit of agencies, publishers and professionals in the press sector
Paris, Oct. 8, 2020, pole 5, ch. 7, No. 20/8071